/* Journal Show Page Styles - FORCED NORMAL SCALING */

/* CRITICAL: Override everything for normal scaling */
* {
    zoom: 1 !important;
    /* transform: none !important; */ /* COMMENTED OUT - Was breaking dropdown animations */
    -webkit-transform: none !important;
    -moz-transform: none !important;
    -ms-transform: none !important;
}

/* BUT: Allow transform for secondary nav dropdowns */
.secondary-nav .dropdown-menu,
.secondary-nav-desktop .dropdown-menu {
    transform: translateY(-10px) !important;
}

.secondary-nav .dropdown-menu.show,
.secondary-nav-desktop .dropdown-menu.show {
    transform: translateY(0) !important;
}

html, body {
    font-size: 16px !important;
    zoom: 1 !important;
    transform: scale(1) !important;
    -webkit-transform: scale(1) !important;
    -moz-transform: scale(1) !important;
    -ms-transform: scale(1) !important;
    line-height: 1.6 !important;
}

/* HERO SECTION - REDUCED HEIGHT BY 10px */
.journal-hero {
    background: #044973 !important;
    color: white !important;
    min-height: calc(50vh - 10px) !important;
    max-height: calc(50vh - 10px) !important;
    height: calc(50vh - 10px) !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    position: relative !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
}

.journal-hero::before {
    content: '' !important;
    position: absolute !important;
    top: 0 !important;
    left: 0 !important;
    right: 0 !important;
    bottom: 0 !important;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15) !important;
    z-index: 1 !important;
}

.journal-hero .container {
    position: relative !important;
    z-index: 2 !important;
    max-width: 1400px !important;
    margin: 0 auto !important;
    padding: 0 20px !important;
}

.journal-hero-title {
    font-size: 48px !important; /* 3rem = 48px */
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    margin-bottom: 20px !important;
    line-height: 1.1 !important;
    color: white !important;
    zoom: 1 !important;
    transform: none !important;
}

.journal-hero-description {
    font-size: 20px !important; /* 1.25rem = 20px */
    opacity: 0.95 !important;
    margin-bottom: 30px !important;
    font-weight: 300 !important;
    line-height: 1.6 !important;
    color: white !important;
}

.journal-stats {
    display: flex !important;
    gap: 20px !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    flex-wrap: wrap !important;
}

.journal-stat {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1) !important;
    color: white !important;
    padding: 10px 20px !important;
    border-radius: 25px !important;
    font-size: 14px !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2) !important;
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px) !important;
}

.journal-submit-btn {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1) !important;
    color: white !important;
    padding: 15px 30px !important;
    border-radius: 8px !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    font-size: 16px !important;
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3) !important;
    transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
}

.journal-submit-btn:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2) !important;
    color: white !important;
    transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
}

/* COMMUNITY SECTION */
.community-section {
    background: #f8fafc !important;
    padding: 1rem 0 2rem !important;
}

.community-title {
    font-size: 2rem !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    color: #111827 !important;
    margin-bottom: 1rem !important;
    line-height: 1.3 !important;
    font-family: 'Figtree', sans-serif !important;
}

.community-description {
    font-size: 1rem !important;
    color: #6b7280 !important;
    margin-bottom: 2rem !important;
    max-width: 700px !important;
    line-height: 1.6 !important;
    font-family: 'Figtree', sans-serif !important;
}

.community-actions {
    display: flex !important;
    gap: 15px !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    flex-wrap: wrap !important;
    margin-bottom: 50px !important;
}

.community-btn {
    background: #667eea !important;
    color: white !important;
    padding: 15px 30px !important;
    border-radius: 8px !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    border: none !important;
    transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
    font-size: 16px !important;
}

.community-btn:hover {
    background: #5a67d8 !important;
    color: white !important;
    transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4) !important;
}

.community-btn.secondary {
    background: transparent !important;
    color: #667eea !important;
    border: 2px solid #667eea !important;
}

.community-btn.secondary:hover {
    background: #667eea !important;
    color: white !important;
}

/* SECTION STYLES */
.editors-section, .articles-section, .research-topics-section {
    padding:10px 0 !important;
}

.section-title {
    font-size: 32px !important; /* 2rem = 32px */
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    color: #2d3748 !important;
    margin-bottom: 30px !important;
    text-align: center !important;
}

/* EDITORS GRID */
.editors-grid {
    display: grid !important;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr)) !important;
    gap: 30px !important;
    margin-top: 40px !important;
}

.editor-card {
    background: white !important;
    padding: 30px !important;
    border-radius: 12px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) !important;
    text-align: center !important;
    transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
}

.editor-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 20px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) !important;
}

.editor-avatar {
    width: 80px !important;
    height: 80px !important;
    border-radius: 50% !important;
    margin: 0 auto 20px !important;
    /* background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%) !important; */
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    justify-content: center !important;
    color: white !important;
    font-size: 32px !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
}

.editor-name {
    font-size: 20px !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    color: #2d3748 !important;
    margin-bottom: 8px !important;
}

.editor-role {
    font-size: 14px !important;
    color: #667eea !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    margin-bottom: 15px !important;
}

.editor-affiliation {
    font-size: 14px !important;
    color: #718096 !important;
    line-height: 1.5 !important;
}

/* Zigzag Article Cards */
.zigzag-article-card {
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    background: white !important;
    border-radius: 20px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.8, 0.25, 1) !important;
    margin: 20px 0 !important;
    position: relative !important;
    z-index: 1 !important;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2) !important;
}

.zigzag-article-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-12px) scale(1.02) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 20px 60px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) !important;
}

.zigzag-article-card::before {
    content: '' !important;
    position: absolute !important;
    top: 0 !important;
    left: 0 !important;
    right: 0 !important;
    bottom: 0 !important;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.02), rgba(118, 75, 162, 0.02)) !important;
    opacity: 0 !important;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease !important;
    z-index: -1 !important;
}

.zigzag-article-card:hover::before {
    opacity: 1 !important;
}

/* Left-aligned cards */
.card-left {
    flex-direction: row !important;
    margin-left: 0 !important;
    margin-right: 120px !important;
    animation: slideInLeft 0.6s ease-out !important;
}

/* Right-aligned cards */
.card-right {
    flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
    margin-left: 120px !important;
    margin-right: 0 !important;
    animation: slideInRight 0.6s ease-out !important;
}

/* Animation keyframes */
@keyframes slideInLeft {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateX(-50px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateX(0);
    }
}

@keyframes slideInRight {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateX(50px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateX(0);
    }
}

.card-image {
    width: 280px !important;
    height: 200px !important;
    flex-shrink: 0 !important;
    position: relative !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
}

.card-image img {
    width: 100% !important;
    height: 100% !important;
    object-fit: cover !important;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease !important;
}

.zigzag-article-card:hover .card-image img {
    transform: scale(1.05) !important;
}

.new-badge {
    position: absolute !important;
    top: 12px !important;
    right: 12px !important;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ff4757, #ff3838) !important;
    color: white !important;
    padding: 6px 12px !important;
    border-radius: 20px !important;
    font-size: 11px !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px !important;
    z-index: 2 !important;
}

/* PDF Icon Overlay for Journal Articles */
.pdf-icon-overlay {
    position: absolute !important;
    top: 12px !important;
    left: 12px !important;
    background: rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.9) !important;
    color: white !important;
    width: 45px !important;
    height: 45px !important;
    border-radius: 50% !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    justify-content: center !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
    z-index: 10 !important;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.2) !important;
}

.pdf-icon-overlay:hover {
    background: rgba(220, 53, 69, 1) !important;
    transform: scale(1.1) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.4) !important;
    color: white !important;
}

.pdf-icon-overlay i {
    font-size: 20px !important;
}

.card-content {
    flex: 1 !important;
    padding: 32px !important;
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: column !important;
    justify-content: space-between !important;
    min-height: 200px !important;
}

.card-category {
    display: inline-block !important;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea, #764ba2) !important;
    color: white !important;
    padding: 6px 16px !important;
    border-radius: 20px !important;
    font-size: 12px !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    text-transform: uppercase !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px !important;
    margin-bottom: 16px !important;
    width: fit-content !important;
}

.article-title {
    font-size: 20px !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
    margin-bottom: 12px !important;
    color: #2d3748 !important;
}

.article-title a {
    color: inherit !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    transition: color 0.3s ease !important;
}

.article-title a:hover {
    color: #667eea !important;
}

.article-excerpt {
    color: #718096 !important;
    font-size: 15px !important;
    line-height: 1.6 !important;
    margin-bottom: 20px !important;
    text-align: justify !important;
}

.article-meta {
    margin-top: auto !important;
}

.author-info {
    margin-bottom: 16px !important;
    padding-bottom: 16px !important;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef !important;
}

.author-label {
    font-size: 13px !important;
    color: #718096 !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
}

.author-name {
    font-size: 14px !important;
    color: #2d3748 !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    margin-left: 1px !important;
}

.et-al {
    font-style: italic !important;
    color: #718096 !important;
}

.article-stats {
    display: flex !important;
    gap: 20px !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    flex-wrap: wrap !important;
}

.stat-item {
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    gap: 6px !important;
    font-size: 13px !important;
    color: #718096 !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
}

.stat-item i {
    color: #667eea !important;
    font-size: 12px !important;
}

/* RESPONSIVE DESIGN */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .container {
        padding: 0 15px !important;
    }
    
    .journal-hero {
        min-height: 30vh !important;
        max-height: 30vh !important;
        height: 30vh !important;
    }
    
    .journal-hero-title {
        font-size: 28px !important; /* Reduced from 36px */
    }
    
    .journal-hero-description {
        font-size: 16px !important;
    }
    
    .community-title {
        font-size: 28px !important;
    }
    
    .section-title {
        font-size: 24px !important;
    }
    
    .editorial-members-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr)) !important;
        gap: 2rem !important;
    }
    
    .editorial-member-card {
        padding: 1.5rem !important;
    }
    
    .member-image-container {
        width: 100px !important;
        height: 100px !important;
    }
    
    .member-name {
        font-size: 1.1rem !important;
    }
    
    .articles-grid {
        padding: 0 10px !important;
    }
    
    .zigzag-article-card {
        flex-direction: column !important;
        margin-left: 0 !important;
        margin-right: 0 !important;
    }
    
    .card-left,
    .card-right {
        flex-direction: column !important;
        margin-left: 0 !important;
        margin-right: 0 !important;
    }
    
    .card-image {
        width: 100% !important;
        height: 180px !important;
    }
    
    .card-content {
        padding: 24px !important;
        min-height: auto !important;
    }
    
    .article-title {
        font-size: 18px !important;
    }
    
    .article-stats {
        justify-content: center !important;
        gap: 16px !important;
    }
    
    .community-section, .editors-section, .articles-section {
        padding: 60px 0 !important;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .journal-hero {
        min-height: 25vh !important;
        max-height: 25vh !important;
        height: 25vh !important;
    }
    
    .journal-hero-title {
        font-size: 22px !important;
    }
    
    .journal-hero-description {
        font-size: 14px !important;
    }
}
    
    .community-title {
        font-size: 24px !important;
    }
    
    .section-title {
        font-size: 20px !important;
    }
}

.journal-submit-btn {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    color: white;
    padding: 0.75rem 2rem;
    border-radius: 25px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    margin-left: auto;
}

.journal-submit-btn:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    border-color: white;
    color: white;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* Community Section */
.community-section {
    background: #f8fafc;
    padding: 1.5rem;
}

.community-title {
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #2d3748;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.community-description {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: #718096;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    max-width: 600px;
}

.community-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.community-btn {
    background: #667eea;
    color: white;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    border: none;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.community-btn:hover {
    background: #5a67d8;
    color: white;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
}

.community-btn.secondary {
    background: transparent;
    color: #667eea;
    border: 2px solid #667eea;
}

.community-btn.secondary:hover {
    background: #667eea;
    color: white;
}

/* Process Cards */
.process-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr);
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
    max-width: 100%;
}

.process-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 0;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    transition: none;
    text-align: center;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    overflow: hidden;
}

/* Hover effect removed as requested */
.process-card:hover {
    transform: none;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.process-card img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 160px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.process-card-title {
    font-size: 1.125rem !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
    color: #2d3748 !important;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
    padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem 0 1.5rem !important;
    font-family: 'Figtree', sans-serif !important;
}

.process-card-description {
    color: #718096 !important;
    line-height: 1.6 !important;
    font-size: 0.938rem !important;
    flex-grow: 1;
    padding: 0 1.5rem 1.5rem 1.5rem !important;
    font-family: 'Figtree', sans-serif !important;
}

/* Editorial Board Members Section */
.editorial-board-section {
    background: #f8f9fa;
    padding: 5rem 0;
}

.editorial-members-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 2.5rem;
    margin-top: 3rem;
    justify-items: center;
}

.editorial-member-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 16px;
    padding: 2rem;
    text-align: center;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.8, 0.25, 1);
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 280px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.editorial-member-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px) scale(1.02);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.member-image-container {
    position: relative;
    width: 120px;
    height: 120px;
    margin: 0 auto 1.5rem;
}

.member-image,
.member-placeholder {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    border-radius: 12px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 3px solid #f1f3f4;
}

.member-placeholder {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: white;
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.social-icon-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -10px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 3px solid white;
}

.social-icon-overlay a {
    color: white;
    font-size: 16px;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

.editorial-member-card:hover .social-icon-overlay {
    transform: translateX(-50%) scale(1.1);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.member-info {
    padding-top: 0.5rem;
}

.member-name {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #2d3748;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.member-role {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #718096;
    margin: 0;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.no-members-message {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 4rem 2rem;
    color: #718096;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    background: white;
    border-radius: 16px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    margin: 3rem auto;
    max-width: 500px;
}

.no-members-message p {
    margin: 0;
    font-style: italic;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* Articles Section */
.articles-section {
    background: #f8fafc;
    padding: 4rem 0;
}

.article-tabs {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e2e8f0;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.article-tab {
    padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    color: #718096;
    font-weight: 500;
    border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.article-tab:hover,
.article-tab.active {
    color: #667eea;
    border-bottom-color: #667eea;
}

/* No articles message */
.no-articles-message {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 4rem 2rem;
    color: #718096;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    background: white;
    border-radius: 20px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    margin: 40px auto;
    max-width: 500px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.no-articles-message p {
    margin: 0;
    font-style: italic;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* Category color variations */
.zigzag-article-card:nth-child(1) .card-category { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4CAF50, #2E7D32); }
.zigzag-article-card:nth-child(2) .card-category { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2196F3, #1565C0); }
.zigzag-article-card:nth-child(3) .card-category { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #FF9800, #E65100); }
.zigzag-article-card:nth-child(4) .card-category { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #9C27B0, #6A1B9A); }

/* Research Topics Section */
.research-topics-section {
    background: white;
    padding: 4rem 0;
}

.topics-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.topic-card {
    position: relative;
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    height: 300px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.topic-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.topic-card-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.topic-card-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8));
    color: white;
    padding: 1.5rem;
}

.topic-card-title {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.topic-card-description {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    opacity: 0.9;
}

/* See All Links - Clickable Text Style */
.see-all-link {
    color: #16a085;
    text-decoration: underline;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.25rem;
}

.see-all-link:hover {
    color: #f39c12;
    text-decoration: underline;
    transform: translateX(2px);
}

.see-all-link i {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.see-all-link:hover i {
    transform: translateX(2px);
}

/* Volumes Section */
.volumes-section {
    background: #f8fafc;
    padding: 4rem 0;
}

.volumes-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.volume-card {
    background: white;
    border: 2px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    text-align: left;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    cursor: pointer;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.volume-card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    transform: scaleY(0);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.volume-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    border-color: #667eea;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.02) 0%, rgba(118, 75, 162, 0.02) 100%);
}

.volume-card:hover::before {
    transform: scaleY(1);
}

.volume-content {
    flex: 1;
}

.volume-title {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2d3748;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.volume-year {
    color: #718096;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.volume-arrow {
    color: #667eea;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    opacity: 0.7;
}

.volume-card:hover .volume-arrow {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(5px);
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 1199.98px) {
    .process-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 991.98px) {
    .journal-hero-title {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }
    
    .journal-stats {
        justify-content: center;
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .community-actions {
        justify-content: center;
    }
    
    .article-tabs {
        justify-content: center;
    }
    
    .process-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 767.98px) {
    .journal-hero {
        padding: 2rem 0;
    }
    
    .journal-hero-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    .journal-hero-description {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }
    
    .journal-stats {
        flex-wrap: wrap !important;
        gap: 0.5rem !important;
        justify-content: flex-start !important;
    }
    
    .journal-stat {
        font-size: 12px !important;
        padding: 8px 14px !important;
    }
    
    .journal-submit-btn {
        margin-left: 0;
        margin-top: 1rem;
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .community-actions {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
    }
    
    .community-btn {
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .article-tabs {
        flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
        gap: 1rem !important;
        
        -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch !important;
        border-bottom: 2px solid #e5e7eb !important;
    }
    
    .article-tab-btn {
        white-space: nowrap !important;
        flex-shrink: 0 !important;
    }
    
    .process-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .editorial-members-grid,
    .topics-grid,
    .volumes-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .editorial-member-card {
        margin: 0 auto;
        max-width: 280px;
    }
    
    .articles-grid {
        gap: 24px !important;
        padding: 0 5px !important;
    }
    
    .article-title {
        font-size: 16px !important;
    }
    
    .article-excerpt {
        font-size: 14px !important;
    }
    
    .card-content {
        padding: 20px !important;
    }
    
    .article-stats {
        flex-direction: column !important;
        align-items: flex-start !important;
        gap: 8px !important;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 575.98px) {
    .community-section,
    .editors-section,
    .articles-section,
    .research-topics-section,
    .volumes-section {
        padding: 3rem 0;
    }
    
    .community-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    .process-card,
    .editor-card,
    .article-content {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }
}

/* Additional responsive improvements for better scaling */
@media (min-width: 1400px) {
    .container {
        max-width: 1400px;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199.98px) {
    .container {
        max-width: 960px;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991.98px) {
    .container {
        max-width: 720px;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 767.98px) {
    .container {
        max-width: 540px;
    }
}

/* Ensure text remains readable */
.journal-hero-title, 
.community-title,
.section-title {
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

/* Prevent horizontal scroll */
body, html {
    overflow-x: hidden;
    width: 100%;
}

/* Fix any oversized content */
img, video, iframe {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}

.row {
    margin-left: -15px;
    margin-right: -15px;
}

.col-lg-8, .col-lg-4, .col-md-6, .col-sm-12 {
    padding-left: 15px;
    padding-right: 15px;
}

/* Leadership Section Styles - Matching Uploaded Image */
.leadership-section {
    background: white;
    padding: 60px 0;
}

.leadership-container {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    text-align: center;
}

.leadership-header {
    margin-bottom: 50px;
}

.leadership-title {
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 2px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #666;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.leadership-subtitle {
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: #666;
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.leaders-grid {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 40px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.leader-item {
    text-align: center;
    flex: 0 0 auto;
}

.leader-photo {
    width: 120px;
    height: 120px;
    margin: 0 auto 20px;
    position: relative;
}

.leader-photo img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 3px solid #f0f0f0;
}

.photo-placeholder {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: #e0e0e0;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 36px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #999;
    border: 3px solid #f0f0f0;
}

.leader-info {
    text-align: center;
}

.leader-name {
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #333;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.leader-role {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: #666;
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.view-all-container {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 30px;
}

.view-all-btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 10px 25px;
    background: #044973;
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
}

.view-all-btn:hover {
    background: #0056b3;
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.no-leaders-message {
    text-align: center;
    color: #999;
    font-style: italic;
    padding: 40px 0;
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .leaders-grid {
        gap: 30px;
    }
    
    .leader-photo {
        width: 100px;
        height: 100px;
    }
    
    .photo-placeholder {
        font-size: 30px;
    }
    
    .leader-name {
        font-size: 16px;
    }
    
    .leader-role {
        font-size: 13px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .leaders-grid {
        gap: 25px;
    }
    
    .leader-photo {
        width: 90px;
        height: 90px;
    }
    
    .leadership-subtitle {
        font-size: 15px;
        padding: 0 20px;
    }
}

/* ===================================
   CARD STYLE GRID LAYOUT FOR ARTICLES - COMPACT DESIGN
   =================================== */

.tab-content {
    display: none;
}

.tab-content.active {
    display: grid !important;
}

.articles-grid {
    display: grid !important;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr) !important;
    gap: 1.5rem !important;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
}

.article-card {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 1.25rem;
    transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
  
}

.article-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.article-card-header {
    margin-bottom: 0.625rem;
}

.article-card-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0;
    background: transparent;
    color: #6b7280;
    font-size: 0.625rem; /* 10px - Small for badge */
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 0;
}

.article-card-date {
    font-size: 0.688rem; /* 11px */
    color: #6b7280;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 400;
}

.article-card-title {
    font-size: 0.875rem; /* 14px - Keep title slightly larger for readability */
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.4;
    margin-bottom: 0.875rem;
    color: #111827;
    flex-grow: 1;
    min-height: 2.5rem;
}

.article-card-title a {
    color: #111827;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.article-card-title a:hover {
    color: #2563eb;
}

.article-card-authors {
    font-size: 0.75rem; /* 12px */
    color: #6b7280;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.article-card-journal {
    display: none;
}

.article-card-doi {
    font-size: 0.688rem; /* 11px */
    color: #6b7280;
    margin-bottom: 0.875rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    word-break: break-all;
}

.article-card-doi a {
    color: #2563eb;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.article-card-doi a:hover {
    color: #1d4ed8;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.article-card-views {
    font-size: 0.75rem; /* 12px */
    color: #6b7280;
    font-weight: 600;
    padding-top: 0.75rem;
    border-top: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
}

/* Responsive Grid */
@media (max-width: 1400px) {
    .articles-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
        gap: 1.125rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .articles-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
        gap: 1rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
    .articles-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 0.875rem;
    }
    
    .article-card {
        padding: 1rem;
    }
    
    .article-card-title {
        font-size: 0.813rem;
    }
}

/* Old list styles - keeping for backwards compatibility */
.article-list-item {
    padding: 2rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
}

.article-list-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.article-list-content {
    max-width: 100%;
}

.article-list-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.article-category-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.375rem 0.875rem;
    background: #e5e7eb;
    color: #374151;
    font-size: 0.688rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.75px;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.article-meta-date {
    font-size: 0.813rem;
    color: #6b7280;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 400;
}

.article-list-title {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: #111827;
}

.article-list-title a {
    color: #111827;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.article-list-title a:hover {
    color: #2563eb;
}

.article-list-authors {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: #6b7280;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.article-journal-info {
    font-size: 0.813rem;
    color: #6b7280;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.article-list-footer {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.article-meta-item {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.375rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: #9ca3af;
}

.article-meta-item i {
    font-size: 0.813rem;
    color: #d1d5db;
}

/* Share icon styling */
.article-share-icon {
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
}

.article-share-icon:hover {
    color: #2a5cc7;
    background: #eff6ff;
}

.article-share-icon i {
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.article-share-icon:hover i {
    transform: scale(1.1);
    color: #2a5cc7;
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .article-list-item {
        padding: 1.5rem 0;
    }
    
    .article-list-title {
        font-size: 1.125rem;
    }
    
    .article-list-header {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 0.75rem;
    }
    
    .article-list-footer {
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .article-meta-item {
        font-size: 0.813rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .article-list-footer {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }
}

/* ============================================
   EDITORIAL BOARD SECTION - SIMPLE CIRCULAR DESIGN
   ============================================ */
.editors-section {
    padding: 4rem 0;
    background: #f9fafb;
}

.editors-title {
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #111827;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.editors-grid {
    display: flex;
    gap: 2.5rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
    overflow-x: auto;
    overflow-y: hidden;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
    animation: autoScroll 20s linear infinite;
}

@keyframes autoScroll {
    0% {
        scroll-padding-left: 0;
    }
    100% {
        scroll-padding-left: 100%;
    }
}

/* Hide scrollbar but keep functionality */
.editors-grid::-webkit-scrollbar {
    height: 6px;
}

.editors-grid::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
    background: #f1f5f9;
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.editors-grid::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
    background: #cbd5e1;
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.editors-grid::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
    background: #94a3b8;
}

/* Firefox scrollbar */
.editors-grid {
    scrollbar-color: #cbd5e1 #f1f5f9;
    scrollbar-width: thin;
}

.editor-card-simple {
    background: transparent;
    padding: 1.5rem 1rem;
    text-align: center;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    min-width: 220px;
}

.editor-card-simple:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.editor-circle-avatar {
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
    margin: 0 auto 1rem;
}

.editor-circle-avatar img {
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 4px solid #e5e7eb;
}

.editor-circle-placeholder {
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    border: 4px solid #e5e7eb;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.editor-initials {
    color: white;
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.editor-simple-name {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #1e293b;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.editor-simple-affiliation {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: #64748b;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.editor-simple-location {
    font-size: 0.813rem;
    color: #94a3b8;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.editor-role-info {
    margin-top: 0.75rem;
}

.editor-simple-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.375rem 0.875rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.badge-chief {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fbbf24 0%, #f59e0b 100%);
    color: #78350f;
}

.badge-specialty {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
}

.editor-simple-role {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: #2a5cc7;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.editor-specialty-text {
    font-size: 0.813rem;
    color: #667eea;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .editors-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(180px, 1fr));
        gap: 2rem;
    }
    
    .editor-card-simple {
        padding: 1rem 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .editor-circle-avatar img,
    .editor-circle-placeholder {
        width: 120px;
        height: 120px;
    }
    
    .editor-initials {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    .editor-simple-name {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
}

/* ============================================
   VOLUMES SECTION - MODERN REDESIGN
   ============================================ */
.volumes-section {
    padding: 2rem 0;

}

.volumes-title {
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #111827;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.volumes-grid-modern {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.volume-card-modern {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.75rem 2rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    cursor: pointer;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.volume-card-modern:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    border-color: #16a34a;
}

.volume-card-modern:hover .volume-arrow-icon {
    background: #16a34a;
    color: white;
    transform: translateX(5px);
}

.volume-number {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #111827;
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.volume-arrow-icon {
    width: 36px;
    height: 36px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: #f3f4f6;
    border-radius: 50%;
    color: #6b7280;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.volume-arrow-icon i {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .volumes-grid-modern {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .volume-card-modern {
        padding: 1.5rem 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .volume-number {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .volumes-section {
        padding: 3rem 0;
    }
    
    .volumes-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
}